There are mainly two crop seasons in India,
- Rabi (Winter crops) - from October to March
- Kharif (Mansoon Crops) - from April to September
but there is also a crop season called zaid in addition to Rabi and Kharif, sometimes in between Rabi and Kharif intermediate crop are also grown.
Rabi: Rabi crops need relatively cool climate during the period of growth but warm climate during the germination of their seed and maturation. Crops like Wheat, Gram, Pea, Mustard are sown in this season.
Base Period: Base period is the total period from the first watering done from the preparation of land to the last watering done before its harvesting.
Note: 1. Crop period is greater than base period
2. Crop period and base period are expressed in days
Paleo Irrigation: Watering done prior to the sowing of crops is called paleo irrigation, Paleo irrigation is required for the initial growth of the crop.
Kor Watering: First watering done after the plants have grown a few centimetre high is known as kor watering. Kor depth and kor period are the terms used for depth of water applied and time period during this watering.
Crop Ratio: Crop ratio is the ratio of the area of land irrigated during the two main crop seasons, It is also called Rabi-Kharif ratio.
Command Area: It is that area which can be irrigated by a canal system.
Gross Command Area: It is total area which can be irrigated by a canal so that unlimited quantity of water is available.
Culturable Command Area: It is that portion of Gross Command Area that is culturable or cultivable.
Intensity of Irrigation: Intensity of irrigation is the percentage of Culturable Command Area proposed to be irrigated annually.
Capacity Factor:
Time Factor:
Outlet Factors:
It is the duty of water at the head of a field channel, or we can say that duty of water a the outlet.
